Optimizing.net Answers
By Mr. Echevarria - Last Touched on 01/20/01 11:41:26 AM

Here are the answers to the most frequent questions people have asked over the years concerning their connections and the recommendations found here at Optimizing.net. If you have a question you would like answered, contact me.

Modem/ISDN Questions

System Questions

Networking Questions

Miscellaneous Questions

Q.
My ISP's MTU changes every time I connect. Why does it keep changing, and which value should I use for my MTU?
A.
Your ISP has not standardized its MTU across all its modem pools and/or routers. Use the lowest value returned, because that is the highest value your ISP supports on all its dial-up lines. For example: If you have values of 724, 948 and 1104, set your MTU to 724.
Q.
How do I delete non-standard Winsocks?
A.
Deleting Winsocks is not for the faint of heart, as long as you are willing to take full responsibility for the following actions keep reading, otherwise skip to the next question. Delete all occurrences of WINSOCK.DLL from your Windows directories. Warning: This will prevent internet access (and more) until a valid Winsock is installed. Also, if you use an online service, you will probably have to reinstall their software; however, be sure any Winsocks they install are not installed in any Windows directories, but instead, installed in the same directory where the online service's main executable resides.
Q.
I followed all of your recommendations, except for <fill in the blank>. My system doesn't seem any faster, why?
A.
Most of the recommendations depend upon others in order to realize a performance increase.
Q.
I have a WinModem / MWave (a.k.a. "controllerless" or "software" modem), after following all your recommendations I still get really high pings, why?
A.
Controllerless modems are only half modems, the other half is software-generated. Using a WinModem to play online puts a very heavy load on the CPU and other system resources. MWave modems play an additional role of sound card and put an even heavier load on CPU and the MWave DSP. In either case, consider purchasing a full, stand-alone modem.
Q.
I e-mailed you, but you never replied, why?
A.
Pick one of these reasons:
Your question was answered within the page itself, please read the page more carefully.
I use Mail Excite to reply to e-mail. Ask your ISP if they block e-mail from Excite's domain.
I didn't feel like it...this site is my hobby, not my job, I am not required to respond to anyone.
Q.
How much does ping matter?
A.
Ping is important, but it is not the end-all-be-all of playing and winning. Ping matters in direct conjunction with throughput. (QuakeWorld, Quake 2 & 3 and almost every other online game provide both a ping indicator and a packet loss graph. Think about it.)
Q.
How can I find out how much throughput and/or bandwidth I actually receive from my ISP?
A.
A good real-world gauge is streaming video. Most online video players provide a comprehensive statistics option, which provides information on throughput (in bits-per-second), latency, and packet loss. If you average statistics from various sites on a couple different connects, you will have a very good gauge of how much throughput/bandwidth your ISP provides you. Additionally, MSN's Bandwidth Speed Test provides a good estimate of available bandwidth; however, please be warned, it is easy to trick or confuse MSN's Bandwidth Speed Test.
Q.
After upgrading to v.90, my connect speeds are lower, should I go back to x2?

&

After installing the latest FlashROM for my modem my connect speeds are lower, should I reinstall the older FlashROM?
A.
Connect speed is your original receive speed from your ISP. Line conditions cause up and/or down shifts in the reported receive speed, or the unreported send speed, or both. Be more concerned about throughput than connect speed. (For example, the last time I looked at the receive and send speeds from a reported 50666 connect the actual transmit speeds were 33333-receive, 24000-send.) By the way, under v.90 connects I am experienced an increase in throughput (5000 more bits-per-second) when compared to throughput under the same reported x2 connect.
Q.
What kind of system do you use? (CPU/Mbs/Modem/Etc.)
A.
Hewlett Packard Pavilion 5320 - 200Mhz Pentium (no MMX) - 256k cache - 128MBs - External USRobotics Courier v.Everything (v.90) - Creative Labs Voodoo 2 (12MB)
Q.
I have a <fill in the blank> video card and get constant 999 pings when playing online, why?
A.
The source of your problem might be your video card. Video cards with high fps rates can overload the connection. Use the "SET CL_MAXFPS xx" command in Quake 2 and the "CL_MAXFPS xx" command in QuakeWorld to limit the amount of fps data being transmitted. Consult your user manual for the proper MAXFPS command for the specific game(s) you play.
Q.
How do I find a good ISP for online gaming?
A.
Buy a copy of BoardWatch magazine's ISP issue; use it to compare and contrast prospective ISPs' total bandwidth versus number of modems versus backbone interconnects. Also, most ISPs will give you a test account for 24hours, take advantage.
Q.
Not including compression, what is a modem's theoretical maximum throughput?
A.
Divide the connect speed by 10 (not 8) for a realistic gauge of how fast that particular connect will perform (in kbps) without using any compression.
Q.
Including compression, what is a modem's theoretical maximum throughput?
A.
Divide the connect speed by 10 (not 8) and multiply by 2 for a realistic gauge of how fast that particular connect will perform (in kbps) while transferring highly-compressible data. (Previously compressed data will only see throughput benefits from compression when the modem is transferring the header data, not the actual compressed portion of the data stream.)
Q.
What is the difference between a corporate level and a consumer level modem?
A.
Corporate level modems are designed for placement in mission-critical applications. Regular consumer level modems are designed with less lofty goals in mind. For example, the USRobotics Courier v.Everything can attain 64bit-4Dimensional error (Trellis) encoding, regular modems cannot and are limited to 32bit-2Dimensional error encoding. The Courier's v.42bis data compression book can be as large as 4k, regular modems only have a compression book size of up to 2k. Considering that ISPs buy corporate level modems, if you connect using a regular consumer level modem, you will not be maximizing your ISP's capability.
Q.
What kind of modem cable should I use to connect an external modem?
A.
Choose a properly shielded modem cable for reliability of connection and resiliency to external interference. (I use a Belkin gold-plated modem cable, Model #F2L088-10-GLD.)
Q.
What kind of phone cord should I use to connect my modem to the wall?
A.
Choose a properly shielded phone cord for reliability of connection and resiliency to external interference. (I use a CAT 3 Ethernet patch cable as my phone cord.) If you have the opportunity, consider running CAT 3 or 5 cable throughout your house and directly to the phone company's breakout box.
Q.
Why do "ping" times differ from the PING command, versus GameSpy versus the actual game when tested on the same connect?
A.
The PING command uses very small packets of data to time response time, while an online game uses the actual game packets to time response time. Since actual game packets are much larger than PING command packets; therefore, they take longer to transmit and receipt acknowledgements will be delayed accordingly in comparison.  GameSpy queries servers for player and server information while pinging, adding additional latency to the response time.
Q.
Can anything help packet loss spiking and/or surging ping?
A.
Accurate prediction adjusted to maximize your connection for your particular play style is the key to smooth gameplay under adverse conditions.  Properly set your in-game settings (maxfps, rate and prediction) to maximize the connection you have.  For example, I prefer a really smooth game, so I use an extremely high prediction coupled with a high rate (to make up for turning off in-game packet compression), while limiting the maxfps so that it maximizes my video card and computer's capability but prevents modem overflows.
Q.
Does an LPB still have an advantage if they have the same ping as the HPB players on a server?
A.
While no longer technically meeting the label of "Low Ping Bastard", throughput matters as much as ping; as long as an LPB has the capability to receive more data than an HPB, they have an advantage regardless of the ping similarity.
Q.
Is an internal modem faster than an external modem?
A.
There is really no difference in performance between an internal versus an external modem. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. You should base your choice on your preference and/or needs. Don't listen to that old "an internal modem is faster because it is connected directly to the system Bus" rumor. It's not true. Any speed gains are offset by the fact that internal modems emulate a serial (UART) port, not to mention the overall system performance degradation (up to 5%) when a PCI system accesses ISA/EISA cards because of the Bus timing issues involved. Note: Some motherboards allow you to calibrate the PCI to ISA timings in the BIOS, which may remove or relieve any performance hit.
Q.
Is a PCI modem faster than an ISA modem?
A.
Most PCI modems are WinModems, which have well-known performance issues when used for bandwidth-intensive operations. Recently, two PCI modems have been released that are not WinModems, the Actiontec 56k PCI Master and the 3COM Gaming PCI Modem. Please be aware, while a PCI modem will never reach the maximum capability of the slot, it will relieve any performance degradation (up to 5%) caused by PCI to ISA Bus timing issues if you BIOS doesn't allow you to configure the ISA Bus timings. Also, please remember PCI slots are designed to share IRQs (consult your BIOS/motherboard manual), which may cause resource and/or hardware conflicts for Windows 95 users, up to OSR1.  Windows 95 OSR2.x, Windows 98, 98 SE and Windows 2000 users should not experience such problems as long as PCI Steering is installed and working properly on their computer.
Q.
What is a WinModem?
A.
Loosely defined, a WinModem is any modem that relies on a Windows driver in order to operate. This includes RPI, most PCI, USB, software, and controllerless modems.
Q.
I have a <fill in the blank> Mhz computer, will a WinModem work well on my machine?
A.
Since WinModems are heavily dependent on the host CPU, the faster your computer is, the better performance you will attain; however, a stand-alone modem will probably still provide greater performance in comparison, especially as the software you use begins to demand more of your CPU's performance.  For example, there is a world of difference in the CPU usage of QuakeWorld in comparison to Quake 3 and WinModem performance will be affected by such usage. Of course, this doesn't factor in the relief a good 3D video card can have on CPU performance, but I'm sure you can figure it out.
Q.
What is a software modem?
A.
A software modem is a modem that strictly performs digital to analog and analog to digital conversions in hardware, all other modem operations are handled by the host CPU.
Q.
What is a controllerless modem?
A.
A controllerless modem is a modem that performs digital signal processing, digital to analog and analog to digital conversions in hardware, but whose command (AT) functions are performed by the host CPU.
Q.
Why should I set my MTU to the highest my ISP can handle?
A.
A higher MTU (packet size) allows for a more efficient use of available bandwidth. For example, someone with an average down-channel throughput of 5kbps but with the minimum MTU of 576 uses 320 bps (bytes per second) for TCP/IP header information. Compare this to someone with the same average down-channel throughput of 5kbps but with an MTU of 1500--this person only uses 120 bps for TCP/IP header information, a difference of 200 bytes-per-second. The larger/longer the download, the more this 200 bytes-per-second savings start to add up. As with a large download, the most efficient use of available bandwidth is only possible with the larger packet (MTU) size when performing other bandwidth-intensive operations.
Q.
Should I disable v.90 or x2 to solve <fill in the blank>?
A.
You should only disable v.90 or x2 under very specific conditions that originate at the ISP, not as a cure-all for modem problems. Be very cautious about the modem/system configuration advice you decide follow.
Q.
Why do you recommend a TTL of 32?
A.
There are no performance improvements to be gained with a higher TTL. In fact, it could degrade performance. A higher TTL tells your system to try longer before it gives up on unreachable destinations. For example, if a server is down, someone with a TTL of 64 would not get a response for an exponentially (because of the way Windows handles TCP/IP) longer time than someone with a TTL of 32.
Q.
Should I enable Stac and/or <fill in the blank> software compression?
A.
I do not recommend enabling any kind of software compression no matter how fast your computer happens to be if your connection device is capable of performing hardware based compression. When you enable software compression you force your computer to perform a redundant task--a quality modem is already designed for and capable of handling compression tasks. Remember, there is a limit to how much any type of data can be compressed no matter what compression scheme is being used... If you do decide to use CPU cycles to perform a function the modem can readily handle, its entirely up to you, but if you use a PCI or WinModem in addition to software compression, I strongly urge you to reconsider. By the way, Stac compression only works when connecting to certain ISPs, your ISP may not even support it, ask them before you waste your time.
Q.
Why do you recommend setting the modem and port speed to 57600 for a 28.8/33.6k modem?
A.
Setting the DTE speed higher than the DCE speed gives the modem time to compress the data stream, but setting it higher than the modem can realistically perform degrades overall response time, especially when transferring non-compressible data. A 33,600 modem is about half of 57600. A 56,000 modem is about half of the 115200. Since average compression throughput will rarely exceed a 2:1 ratio, setting the DTE at twice the DCE allows the modem a reasonable amount of time to compress the data stream.
Q.
What is the Browser Web Check component?
A.
Not all lag originates from your connection, sometimes its the programs you run (or allow to run) that use or monitor your connection. The Browser Web Check component monitors your internet connection and activates or deactivates the connection based on the timing settings you provide in the Internet Explorer control panel. If you don't need/use it you'll not only ease the overall CPU load on your connection, but you'll free up over half a meg of RAM by deactivating it. Personally, the last thing I need is a program uselessly monitoring my connection (especially considering the many hours I spend online) waiting for packets to finally stop flowing. I can easily disconnect the connection myself when I'm done. Finally, it doesn't matter whether you delete the actual file on your hard drive, once deactivated, it won't become active again unless you reinstall or upgrade your version of Internet Explorer.
Q.
Why doesn't my ISDN (or multilink modem) connection use both lines when I play an online game?
A.
Most online games are UDP based (versus TCP); channel bonding (a.k.a. multilinking) does not work when transferring UDP packets. If your game supports using TCP instead of UDP (check your manual), you can turn off UDP and as long as the server is set up for TCP as well, your game will use both channels of your multilink connection. Warning: Using TCP instead of UDP for online gaming can introduce its own set of problems because, unlike UDP, TCP will try to ensure that each and every packet makes it to the server, possibly causing additional latency if your connection has a fair amount of packet loss.
Q.
Does my ISP's modem equipment choice make a difference?
A.
The modem at your ISP can have a significant affect on the quality of the connection. v.90 is a specification, the actual implementation is left up to individual manufacturers. Depending on your ISP's modem equipment (two of the more popular models are USRobotics Total Control rackmounts and Ascend modem pools), your modem's v.90 implementation may differ slightly causing some miscommunication. These implementation differences are common and have been around since the v.32bis (14,400) era. Rockwell/Lucent chip-set based modems are probably the most notorious in regards to compatibility issues, but when connecting to their own kind (or modem equipment manufactured with the same chipset) they work fine.  One caveat though, while this may be the source of some connection problems, most ISP problems are indicative of more serious limitations (for example, bandwidth limitations--overselling bandwidth versus number of concurrent users prevents a constant stream of 56k data, or high-density rackmount/modem pool equipment without the internal capacity to support such a configuration, etc.).
Q.
Is there anything else can I do to improve my connection?
A.
Depends, but first lets get some stuff you probably don't want to hear out of the way:
 
Don't make the mistake of assuming your ISP guarantees bandwidth, because most don't. Also, most ISP's do not consider online gaming to be a primary concern when internally planning and allocating network bandwidth.
 
Don't expect more from your connection than the variables of your particular situation (line quality, modem type, ISP modem type, house wiring etc., etc., etc.) actually allow. The recommendations laid out allow you to optimize the connection you have, they do not magically create new wiring or switching equipment or better quality equipment or whatever for you.  You have to recognize the limits of your particular situation.
 
With all that said, remember, quality equipment and wiring can make a significant difference in your overall connection--if you want the most from your connection, buy the equipment that can actually perform to your expectations. Finally, read all the other questions and answers on this page in their entirety--you might discover something useful for your particular situation.
Q.
How do I check to see which Winsock (or DUN) version is currently installed on my computer?
A.
Personally, I use a program called "Winsock Version Check" from DSI to check the primary Winsock and DUN version numbers; however, there are other programs available that perform the same function. Additionally, manually viewing the properties for the Winsock DLL's will also reveal which version is currently installed.
Q.
Do your recommendations work on <fill in the blank> game?
A.
My recommendations optimize Internet connections. If the game is played over a standard Internet connection, then all the Internet optimizations are already done. (Don't forget to properly configure in-game settings (for example, rate, fps, etc.) to match your computer system's capability--consult your game's manual for specific commands and instructions.)
Q.
Why would someone choose to use Winsock 1.2 instead of the latest version, Winsock 2.2?
A.
Such a decision should only be made under very specific circumstances. For example, if someone uses a program that is incompatible with Winsock 2.2, they would upgrade to the point where they would not break compatibility with software they use (or are required to use). Please note: Incompatibilities with Winsock 2.2 are rare occurrences; consult your software's documentation or contact your software publisher if you are concerned.
Q.
Does response (ping) time differ between Windows NT and Windows 95/98?
A.
Windows NT ping times are usually 10-20ms lower than Windows 95/98 ping times, depending on the connection, CPU load and other conditions.
Q.
I don't own a USRobotics Courier v.Everything, but used your Init string on my <fill in the blank> modem, why am I having trouble?
A.
Using an incorrect modem Init string can seriously affect your connection! Do not use my Init string unless you specifically own and use a USRobotics Courier v.Everything! Use a proper Init string for your specific modem; consult your modem's manual (or contact your modem's manufacturer) for the proper Init string that will accomplish the recommend settings.
Q.
Does setting the Dial-Up adapter's MTU affect the Ethernet adapter's MTU?
A.
No. Each adapter (Dial-Up Adapter, Ethernet adapter, etc.) has its own, independent MTU setting.
Q.
Why is my ping higher while moving than when standing still in a game?
A.
Differences in ping between motion and motionless states are to be expected due to the nature (and resulting compressibility) of each situation's packets. But, if you are experiencing dramatic swings in ping (30ms or more for 56k and ISDN users, 50ms or more for 33.6k users) between motion and motionless states, then you do not have your in-game settings set properly.  Increase your rate and fps cap until the difference in ping between motion and motionless states are minor (less than 10ms difference), but not so high as to overload the connection. This will maximize the game's use of available bandwidth.
Q.
Can I optimize my connection for UDP packets instead of TCP packets?
A.
UDP and TCP packets are both part of the TCP/IP suite and transported over IP in essentially the same manner, there is absolutely no need (and no way) to make separate optimizations for one TCP/IP suite protocol over another. After all, that's why the different TCP/IP protocols exist: To tailor the transmission of data to the needs of the user and/or the data being transmitted. Online games simply use UDP based packets instead of TCP based packets for reasons that are specific to real-time applications.
Q.
Can I fix hardware overrun errors on Windows NT without lowering the bps setting?
A.
Lowering the performance boost for the foreground application will probably solve the problem, or at least decrease the number of hardware overrun errors. If you use an external modem and you continue to experience overrun errors even after lowering the foreground application's performance boost, consider replacing the current serial port with a higher speed serial port.
Q.
How do I test and interpret phone line quality using my modem?
A.
That is a complex subject that would take a significant amount of time to cover all the aspects of...unless I can be convinced of the benefit(s) of writing a complete line quality guide for the general public, I will not.  However, IBM provides Line Noise Testing Procedures that covers a basic line checking technique. Keep in mind, since the IBM page only covers overall line quality numbers, their webpage's usefulness is limited. Basically, IBM doesn't tell you what to do with the information other than to "contact your phone company...", which is of no real use.
Q.
I connect to the Internet through a <fill in the blank> network at work and want to optimize it, what do I do?
A.
My webpages are comprehensive for most connection applications, review them to see if any apply to your work connection(s). Otherwise, unless you represent your business and are interested in a consultation agreement, I wouldn't feel comfortable providing services without charging my usual rate, especially for what could be an involved topic.  I need to make a living, you know. Contact me via email if your business is interested in such an agreement.
Q.
How do I find out if my ISP (or a down channel router) is a "black hole" router?
A.
You can use the TRACERT command to get a rough idea if a black hole router exists on your network path.  If TRACERT resolves all the host names along the route you test, it's doubtful any black hole routers exist along that path.  However, if TRACERT cannot resolve a host's name along the route you test, there's a chance it could be a black hole router. Use the PING command with the -F and -L xxxx options to ping through the router/server in question. When you reach the packet size (MTU) limit for the network channel, a correctly configured, non-black hole router/server will correctly respond with the error "Packet needs to be fragmented but DF set." A black hole router will cause the PING command to time out and display a "Request timed out." error instead. Please remember, black hole routers are rare and there are other circumstances where the PING command would time out in a similar manner. Ask the system administrator for your network for further help diagnosing and resolving the problem.
Q.
What is a "black hole" router?
A.
A Black Hole router is a router that does not state (via ICMP) the maximum packet size that can safely pass through it, causing packets to disappear (as if sucked into a black hole).  Therefore, it causes a bottle neck when receiving and sending packets that are larger than it can handle, since large packets "disappear" without any indication as to what happened to them, forcing the sender to keep retrying (via TCP/IP's internal mechanism for retransmissions) until the packet gets through.
Q.
Since only one channel of a multilink ISDN (or modem) connection is used by UDP based games, should I use the download rates of a single or double channel connection when calculating the RWIN value for my multilink connection?
A.
Set your RWIN within the dual channel range, because, RWIN is still important for TCP based transfers which can use the second channel of a multilink connection.  UDP based transfers ignore the RWIN setting.
 
Basically, the RWIN (Receive Window) is a buffer area where your computer stores incoming TCP packets until TCP is ready to inform the sender it received them and/or if any packets were damaged.  But, UDP is just the opposite.  UDP doesn't care if you received the packets or if they were damaged.  UDP simply ignores lost packets, discards bad packets and just keeps going.  So, since UDP doesn't confirm packet receipts or errors, it doesn't use the RWIN buffer area.

Look at it this way, real-time applications and online games that use UDP don't care about lost or late packets because they can't go back in time to show the missing information.  That's also why in-game prediction settings are so important when playing online games and should be properly set for maximum effectiveness.
Q.
My ISP supports STAC (a.k.a. software) compression, enabling it seems to improve my connection and lower my ping, why do you continue to recommend disabling it?
A.
While people with fast computers may attain improved performance if they enable software compression (a.k.a. STAC compression) in their DUN settings, any performance increase will be gone the moment they use a program that requires the portion of CPU currently used to provide the software compression. Basically, software compression will perform as well as (or better) than hardware compression as long as the other software you run does not require the portion of CPU that the software compression requires.

For example, a 500Mhz Pentium III running QuakeWorld with software compression enabled will perform well simply because the minimum CPU requirement for QuakeWorld is only a 60Mhz Pentium.  The same would be true of Quake 2, whose minimum CPU requirement was only a 90Mhz Pentium.  Of course, these examples do not account for the relief a good 3D card can have on CPU usage, but they give you an idea of why software compression gives the illusion of superior performance under specific circumstances.
 
So, if you have a fast computer and do not plan to run CPU intensive software, enabling software compression may be perfect for you. But, just remember, your connection will be adversely affected if software compression is enabled when the minimum CPU requirement meets or exceeds your computer's capability.
Q.
Turning off my modem's error correction (ARQ) function improves my ping, why do you recommend leaving it on?
A.
No "error correction" is not recommended for high speed modem connections. While it may help lower ping for UDP based data transfers, TCP (and most other TCP/IP protocols) based data transfers will suffer, because TCP guarantees packet delivery.  This means that TCP will be forced to take over the error correction function several layers (in the OSI model) above the modem layer that the ARQ protocol works on. Not everything you can force a modem to do (or not do) is good for the overall connection, but, as long as you're happy...
Q.
Dial-up networking no longer saves my password, the option is grayed-out.  How do I fix it?
A.
Not being able to save your password after making changes to your network is a common problem with all versions of Windows 95 & 98 and can be easily resolved using the instructions found in Microsoft Knowledge Base Article Q148925, which has been around for many, many years. Personally, I don't see why they didn't just fix the problem when they released Windows 98.
Q.
I use Windows 9x and set the computer side of the DTE to a port speed of 230400 so that it will send information to the modem twice as fast as 115200. Why don't you add this information?
A.
Windows 9x probably tricked you. Very few modems actually support a port speed of 230400. To the best of my knowledge, the only modem that actually supports 230400 is the 25Mhz version of the USRobotics Courier v.Everything. In fact, Windows 9x doesn't really support it either and will let you set it all the way up to 921000. Therefore, unless your modem specifically supports the chosen port speed, setting it higher than the modem side of the DTE speed doesn't actually allow communication at that speed. You can easily test your modem if you have a copy of Windows NT or Windows 2000 that you can install on that same computer. Windows NT & 2000 will correctly try to communicate at whatever port setting you specify--if you get port errors or no communication at all, your modem does not really support 230400.
Q.
My ISP requires that I use a proxy. Which MTU should I use, their proxy server's MTU, which is 576, or the network MTU I determined using the PING command, which is 1500?
A.
Depends. If the proxy is an application/socks proxy as well as a web proxy, use the proxy's MTU.  If not, use the network MTU.
Q.
I'm multilinking a 56,000 bps with a 28,800 bps modem, I connect fine but only get a download rate of about 5.6 kbytes-per-second. Why is it so low?
A.
Windows 98 doesn't prioritize packets; it treats the 56kbps and 28.8kbps modems as equals and send packets out on both as such. This means that your multilink transfer speeds will only be as fast as twice the speed of the slowest connection device, which in this case is the 28.8kbps modem. In case you didn't notice, the multilink transfer speed of 5.6kbps just happens to be double the average transfer speed of a 28.8k modem. Anyways, if you want to increase your speed, use two 56k modems, not a speed mixture.
Q.
 
A.
 

© Copyright 1999 & 2000 - Mr. Echevarria
Please respect my copyright.